Masjid Istiqlal

 

Ini adalah versi stabil, diperiksa pada tanggal 8 September 2010. Ada 9 perubahan tertunda menunggu peninjauan.

Masjid Istiqlal adalah masjid yang terletak di pusat ibukota negara Republik Indonesia, Jakarta. Masjid ini adalah masjid terbesar di Asia Tenggara. Masjid ini diprakarsai oleh Presiden Republik Indonesia saat itu, Ir. Sukarno di mana pemancangan batu pertama, sebagai tanda dimulainya pembangunan Masjid Istiqlal dilakukan oleh Ir. Soekarno pada tanggal 24 Agustus 1951. Arsitek Masjid Istiqlal adalah Frederich Silaban.
Lokasi masjid ini berada di timur laut lapangan Monumen Nasional (Monas). Bangunan utama masjid ini terdiri dari lima lantai. Masjid ini mempunyai kubah yang diameternya 45 meter. Masjid ini mampu menampung orang hingga lebih dari dua ratus ribu jamaah.

Selain digunakan sebagai aktivitas ibadah umat Islam, masjid ini juga digunakan sebagai kantor Majelis Ulama Indonesia, aktivitas sosial, dan kegiatan umum. Masjid ini juga menjadi salah satu daya tarik wisata yang terkenal di Jakarta. Kebanyakan wisatawan yang berkunjung umumnya wisatawan domestik, dan sebagian wisatawan asing yang beragama Islam. Tidak diketahui apakah umat non-Islam dapat berkunjung ke masjid ini.
Pada tiap hari besar Islam seperti Idul Fitri, Idul Adha dan Maulid Nabi Muhammad, presiden Republik Indonesia selalu mengadakan kegiatan keagamaan di masjid ini yang disiarkan secara langsung melalui televisi.

Masjid Istiqlal, (Independence Mosque) in Jakarta, Indonesia is the largest mosque in Southeast Asia^[1] in terms of capacity to accommodate people and building structure. This national mosque of Indonesia was built to commemorate Indonesian independence, as nation's gratitude for Islam's blessings; the independence of Indonesia. Therefore the national mosque of Indonesia was named "Istiqlal", an Arabic word for "Independence".

History

Istiqlal mosque under construction. On the right side is the Jakarta Cathedral

After the Indonesian National Revolution 1945-1949, followed by the acknowledgement of the independence Indonesia from The Netherlands in 1949, there was a growing idea to build a national mosque for this new republic, befitting for a country with the largest Muslim population in the world. The idea of constructing a grand Indonesian national mosque was launched by KH. Wahid Hasyim, Indonesia's first minister for religions affairs,and Anwar Cokroaminoto, later appointed as the chairman of the Masjid Istiqlal Foundation. The committee for the construction of the Istiqlal Mosque, led by Anwar Cokroaminoto, was founded in 1953. Anwar proposed the idea of a national mosque to Indonesian President Sukarno, who welcomed the idea and later helped to supervise the construction of the mosque. In 1954, the committee appointed Sukarno technical chief supervisor.

Sukarno actively followed the planning and construction of the mosque, including acting as the chairman of the jury for the mosque design competition held in 1955. The design submitted by Frederich Silaban, a Christian architect, with the theme: "Ketuhanan" (Indonesian: Divinity) was chosen as the winner. The foundation stone was laid by Sukarno on 24 August 1961^[2] and the construction took 17 years. Indonesian president Suharto inaugurated the Indonesian national mosque on 22 February 1978.^[3] It is still the largest mosque in the region: more than 120,000 people can congregate at the mosque at the same time.

Structure

Istiqlal Mosque

The rectangular main prayer hall building is covered by a 45 meter diameter central spherical dome. The dome is supported by twelve round columns and the prayer hall is surrounded by rectangular piers carrying four levels of balcony. Staircases at the corners of the building give access to all floors. The main hall is reached through an entrance covered by a dome 10 meters in diameter. The interior design is minimalist, simple and clean cut, with minimal adornment of aluminium geometric ornaments. The 12 columns are covered with aluminium plates. On the main wall on qibla there is a mihrab and minbar in the center. On the main wall, there is a large metalwork of Arabic calligraphy spelling the name of Allah on the right side and Muhammad on the left side, and also the calligraphy of Surah Thaha 14th verse in the center.

The interior of Istiqlal mosque; the grand domed prayer hall supported by 12 columns

The latter structure is directly connected to the arcades which run around the large courtyard. The mosque also provides facilities for social and cultural activities, including lectures, exhibitions, seminars, conferences, bazaars and programmes for women, young people and children.